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	<title>Mediactive &#187; Transparency</title>
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	<link>http://mediactive.com</link>
	<description>Creating a User&#039;s Guide to Democratized Media</description>
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		<title>Salon and Me</title>
		<link>http://mediactive.com/2010/06/02/salon-and-me/</link>
		<comments>http://mediactive.com/2010/06/02/salon-and-me/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 02 Jun 2010 17:43:33 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dan Gillmor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Mediactive Project]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transparency]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mediactive.com/?p=1620</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve been a fan of Salon since the day it started, and a paying subscriber as long as the company has offered that option. If you visit Salon often, you already know why.
So I&#8217;m delighted to be bringing some of my blogging there, including many of the items I&#8217;d normally be posting here. My arrangement [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve been a fan of <a href="http://salon.com">Salon</a> since the day it started, and a paying subscriber as long as the company has offered that option. If you visit Salon often, you already know why.</p>
<p>So I&#8217;m delighted to be bringing some of my blogging there, including many of the items I&#8217;d normally be posting here. My arrangement with Salon gives them exclusive access for one week to new posts, after which they&#8217;ll appear here &#8212; as always, under a Creative Commons license from this site.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s my <a href="http://www.salon.com/technology/dan_gillmor/2010/06/02/introductory_post">first post</a>.</p>
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		<item>
		<title>Washington Post and NPR: Yes, Apple Can Block Their iPad Journalism</title>
		<link>http://mediactive.com/2010/04/23/washington-post-and-npr-yes-apple-can-block-their-ipad-journalism/</link>
		<comments>http://mediactive.com/2010/04/23/washington-post-and-npr-yes-apple-can-block-their-ipad-journalism/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 23 Apr 2010 15:13:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dan Gillmor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Business Models]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Freedom to Create]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transparency]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mediactive.com/?p=1504</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[UPDATED
A few days ago, following up on questions I&#8217;ve asked a number of other news organizations about their relationships with Apple, the Washington Post&#8217;s Rob Pegoraro put a query to his bosses &#8212; and, unlike me with any traditional news company (including his), got an answer.
Here&#8217;s the operative quote from his story today, entitled &#8220;App [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>UPDATED</p>
<p>A few days ago, following up on questions I&#8217;ve asked a number of other news organizations about their relationships with Apple, the Washington Post&#8217;s Rob Pegoraro put a query to his bosses &#8212; and, unlike me with any traditional news company (including his), got an answer.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s the operative quote from his story today, entitled &#8220;<a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/04/23/AR2010042302127_2.html">App rejected? There&#8217;s a rule for that</a>&#8221; &#8211;</p>
<blockquote><p><em>So, can Apple remove news organizations&#8217; apps for their content? Washington Post spokeswoman Kris Coratti wrote that &#8220;this is our understanding&#8221;; National Public Radio&#8217;s Danielle Deabler agreed but said NPR saw no evidence that Apple wanted to do such a thing. Publicists for the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, CNN and USA Today declined to comment or did not reply to e-mails.</em></p></blockquote>
<p>We now have confirmation from two of America&#8217;s most respected news organizations &#8212; the Post and NPR &#8212; that they willingly participate in a distribution/access ecosystem where the company that owns it can remove their journalism from that system for any reason it chooses.</p>
<p>I suspect that the spokeswomen for the Post and NPR have technically violated the terms of their companies&#8217; developers agreements with Apple even by saying that much. Which is, of course, part of the problem.</p>
<p>Anyway, kudos to Pegoraro, who has shown more spine than his colleagues at other news organizations. From all appearances, they&#8217;re just hoping this will all go away. It won&#8217;t.</p>
<p>UPDATE: At the <a href="http://online.journalism.utexas.edu/">International Symposium on Online Journalism</a> today in Austin, I asked three panelists &#8212; from NPR, the New York Times and the Guardian &#8212; about this issue. Only NPR&#8217;s <a href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=97506803">Kinsey Wilson</a> responded, and he was more forthright than I&#8217;ve heard anyone be from any media company so far.</p>
<p>The situation is &#8220;not ideal,&#8221; he acknowledged. No news organization, he assumes, has the individual leverage with Apple to insist on contract terms that should be standard for people who believe in their journalism. </p>
<p>NPR, based on Wilson&#8217;s other panel comments, is creating what sounds like a multi-platform strategy: creating a back-end system that can feed to any platform. All smart news organizations are trying to move this way.</p>
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		<slash:comments>16</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Update: Why I&#8217;ve Sold My New York Times Co. Shares</title>
		<link>http://mediactive.com/2010/04/19/why-im-selling-my-new-york-times-co-shares/</link>
		<comments>http://mediactive.com/2010/04/19/why-im-selling-my-new-york-times-co-shares/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 20 Apr 2010 00:11:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dan Gillmor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Business Models]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Media Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transparency]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mediactive.com/?p=1496</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[UPDATED
Eleven days after I first raised the subject of the New York Times&#8217; complicated relationship(s) with Apple (follow-up here), I&#8217;ve finally received an answer, of sorts. Sadly, the answer wasn&#8217;t to the questions I asked.
A PR person from the company, responding to one of several subsequent emails, wrote back today: &#8220;No, we are not going [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>UPDATED</p>
<p>Eleven days after I first raised the subject of the New York Times&#8217; <a href="http://mediactive.com/2010/04/08/complicating-relationships-in-media-apple-ny-times-dealings-raise-questions/">complicated relationship(s)</a> with Apple (follow-up <a href="http://mediactive.com/2010/04/16/fiores-ipad-rejection-harbinger-of-bigger-story/">here</a>), I&#8217;ve finally received an answer, of sorts. Sadly, the answer wasn&#8217;t to the questions I asked.</p>
<p>A PR person from the company, responding to one of several subsequent emails, wrote back today: &#8220;No, we are not going to comment.&#8221;</p>
<p>This stonewalling &#8212; this deliberate statement that the newspaper chooses to be opaque on matters that go to its editorial integrity &#8212; is disappointing, but unfortunately not entirely surprising. But it left me with no real choice on a decision I truly hate to make:</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve sold my small (300 shares) holding of New York Times Co. stock. I&#8217;ll be taking a loss on the transaction, but I&#8217;d never expected to make much money, if any, on my purchase in the first place; I bought NYT stock because I wanted to demonstrate my support of quality journalism.</p>
<p>For decades I&#8217;ve revered the New York Times. I still believe that it&#8217;s loaded with superb journalists. I hope it survives and thrives in a media environment that grows more challenging every day.</p>
<p>Journalism is in enough trouble as it is, and the Times&#8217; challenges are truly daunting. Arrogant non-transparency about basic integrity only makes the situation worse. So I&#8217;ll put what money I have left from this already poor investment into something else.</p>
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		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Fiore&#8217;s iPad Rejection Harbinger of Bigger Story</title>
		<link>http://mediactive.com/2010/04/16/fiores-ipad-rejection-harbinger-of-bigger-story/</link>
		<comments>http://mediactive.com/2010/04/16/fiores-ipad-rejection-harbinger-of-bigger-story/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 16 Apr 2010 16:01:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dan Gillmor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Freedom of Speech]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Freedom to Create]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Media Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transparency]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mediactive.com/?p=1487</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[UPDATED
It&#8217;s been more than a week since I asked a number of news organizations, chiefly the New York Times, to answer a few questions about their relationships with Apple. Specifically, I asked the Times to discuss what has become at least the appearance of a conflict of interest: Apple&#8217;s incessant promotion of the newspaper in [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>UPDATED</p>
<p>It&#8217;s been more than a week since I asked a number of news organizations, chiefly the New York Times, to <a href="http://mediactive.com/2010/04/08/complicating-relationships-in-media-apple-ny-times-dealings-raise-questions/">answer a few questions</a> about their relationships with Apple. Specifically, I asked the Times to discuss what has become at least the appearance of a conflict of interest: Apple&#8217;s incessant promotion of the newspaper in pictures of its new iPad and highlighting of the Times&#8217; plans to make the iPad a key platform for the news organization&#8217;s journalism, combined with the paper&#8217;s relentlessly positive coverage of the device in news columns.</p>
<p>In addition, I asked the Times, the Wall Street Journal and USA Today &#8212; following up on a February posting when I asked <a href="http://mediactive.com/2010/02/24/why-journalism-organizations-should-reconsider-their-crush-on-apples-ipad/">why news organizations were running</a> into the arms of a control-freakish company &#8212; to respond to a simple question: Can Apple unilaterally disable their iPad apps if Apple decides, for any reason, that it doesn&#8217;t like the content they&#8217;re distributing? Apple has done this with many other companies&#8217; apps and holds absolute power over what appears and doesn&#8217;t appear via its app system.</p>
<p>Who responded? No one. Not even a &#8220;No comment.&#8221; This is disappointing if (sadly) usurprising, but in light of other news this week it&#8217;s downright wrong.</p>
<p>UPDATE: A Times PR person emailed, 11 days after I first contacted the company about this, that the paper is &#8220;not going to comment.&#8221; Still no word from the others or, more recently, the Washington Post.</p>
<p>Yesterday, Nieman Journalism Lab&#8217;s Laura McGann had a story that should give pause even to Apple&#8217;s biggest fanboys and girls inside the news industry. In a post entitled &#8220;<a href="http://www.niemanlab.org/2010/04/mark-fiore-can-win-a-pulitzer-prize-but-he-cant-get-his-iphone-cartoon-app-past-apples-satire-police/?utm_source=feedburner&amp;utm_medium=feed&amp;utm_campaign=Feed%3A+NiemanJournalismLab+%28Nieman+Journalism+Lab%29&amp;utm_content=G">Mark Fiore can win a Pulitzer Prize, but he can’t get his iPhone cartoon app past Apple’s satire police</a>,&#8221; she wrote of the newly minted Pulitzer winner in the cartooning category:</p>
<blockquote><p><em>In December, Apple rejected his iPhone app, NewsToons, because, as Apple put it, his satire ‘ridicules public figures,’ a violation of the iPhone Developer Program License Agreement, which bars any apps whose content in ‘Apple’s reasonable judgement may be found objectionable, for example, materials that may be considered obscene, pornographic, or defamatory.’</em></p></blockquote>
<p>My disdain for Apple&#8217;s tactics grows with almost week &#8212; and I&#8217;ll be saying more about that in a separate posting &#8212; but Apple isn&#8217;t the issue here. This is about journalism integrity, and the absolute lack of transparency America&#8217;s top news organizations are demonstrating by blowing off a totally reasonable question that these news people refuse to raise in their own pages to any serious degree. (The Times&#8217; refusal to discuss its wider relationship with Apple is even more discouraging, and I&#8217;m getting close to selling my small stock holding to demonstrate my disgust with an organization I once absolutely revered.)</p>
<p>I was glad to see Columbia Journalism Review&#8217;s Ryan Chittum pursue this yesterday when he wrote, &#8220;<a href="http://www.cjr.org/the_audit/its_time_for_the_press_to_push.php">It’s Time for the Press to Push Back Against Apple</a>.&#8221; Will anyone? The early signs aren&#8217;t encouraging.</p>
<p>In a Tweet today, <a href="http://publish2.com">Publish2</a>&#8217;s Scott Karp <a href="http://twitter.com/scottkarp/status/12289301748">asked</a>, &#8220;Do you think news orgs should refuse to create apps for iPad/iPhone?&#8221; It&#8217;s the right question.</p>
<p>The answer is a qualified no. While I won&#8217;t personally want to participate as a journalist in an ecosystem where one company controls content in this way, I can understand why others might &#8212; but any self-respecting journalist would want to have absolute, in-writing guarantees that Apple could not in any way interfere with the journalism.</p>
<p>I see no sign of this. And I&#8217;m disgusted with journalists who participate in this system or ignore its implications, or both.</p>
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		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Complicating Relationships in Media: Apple, NY Times Dealings Raise Questions</title>
		<link>http://mediactive.com/2010/04/08/complicating-relationships-in-media-apple-ny-times-dealings-raise-questions/</link>
		<comments>http://mediactive.com/2010/04/08/complicating-relationships-in-media-apple-ny-times-dealings-raise-questions/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 Apr 2010 22:59:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dan Gillmor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Business Models]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Principles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transparency]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mediactive.com/?p=1452</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[UPDATED
Recent days have reminded me of the many traits Apple and the New York Times share. Both are the best at what they do in certain domains. Each is emphatically elitist, and, in varying ways, self-confident to the point of arrogance. Neither is very transparent (though at least the Times has its Public Editor).
The differences, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>UPDATED</p>
<p>Recent days have reminded me of the many traits Apple and the New York Times share. Both are the best at what they do in certain domains. Each is emphatically elitist, and, in varying ways, self-confident to the point of arrogance. Neither is very transparent (though at least the Times has its <a href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/opinion/thepubliceditor/index.html">Public Editor</a>).</p>
<p>The differences, of course, are profound. In particular, there&#8217;s the business trajectory: Apple has reinvented itself several times, and lately has gone from triumph to triumph as a profit-making company. The Times Co.&#8217;s record in this regard is deeply mixed: Reinvention has come mostly at the edges, and the business has been heading downhill.</p>
<p>The affinities between Apple and the Times came into sharper focus in the past several weeks, but in ways that have raised some difficult and as-yet unanswered questions. Some background:</p>
<p><span id="more-1452"></span></p>
<p>On many occasions during the run-up to the launch of the Apple iPad, a product that brought widespread huzzahs from a who&#8217;s-who of technology journalists, I visited Apple&#8217;s home page. Most of the time, here&#8217;s what that page looked like:</p>
<p><a href="http://mediactive.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Screen-shot-2010-04-03-at-3.23.40-PM.png"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-1457" title="NYT on Apple homepage" src="http://mediactive.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Screen-shot-2010-04-03-at-3.23.40-PM.png" alt="Apple homepage features NY Times" width="467" height="354" /></a></p>
<p>Apple has been eager to show people that major media institutions are flocking to the device, as the Times has done with one of the early iPad applications (more on this below). It <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dbNj5XGC14">trotted out</a> Times new-media executive Martin Nisenholtz at the formal introduction of the iPad in January (the <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/28/technology/companies/28apple.html">paper&#8217;s next-day story</a> didn&#8217;t mention that, though its reporter-bloggers <a href="http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/27/live-blogging-the-apple-product-announcement/">did</a>); Nisenholtz praised the device, which I have no doubt he truly adores.</p>
<p>As a (very small) shareholder in the New York Times Co., I was glad to see the newspaper get such a prominent spot at the event, just as I&#8217;ve been pleased to see the paper experiment with digital journalism and new business models &#8212; and glad to see Apple push the Times as its poster child for the iPad.</p>
<p>But as someone who wants the Times to always meet, to the extent possible, the highest principles of journalistic practice, I&#8217;ve been getting an increasingly uneasy feeling, on several accounts.</p>
<p>By appearing on stage at the Apple event and by launching an iPad app that the Times <a href="http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=105317&amp;p=irol-newsArticle&amp;ID=1409276&amp;highlight=">wants to monetize</a> in every possible way &#8212; an app from which Apple will likely make money as well &#8212; the Times is becoming more of a business partner with a company it covers incessantly. And when Apple promoted the Times so visibly before the in-store selling date of the iPad, given the millions of people who visit Apple&#8217;s home page each month, it was giving the Times a huge boost.</p>
<p>Apple&#8217;s website is, by any standard, a media property; all institutional websites &#8212; just as all blogs, for that matter &#8212; are media properties in this world where boundaries are becoming less easy to discern. So I found myself wondering: Did the Times pay for this fabulous product placement? Or did Steve Jobs (I&#8217;m assuming he at least approved this) decide to associate Apple with an undeniably great news brand in this extremely out-front manner &#8212; well beyond the routine way that Jobs and other Apple executives have shown the Times on conference screens over the years as they demonstrated new products?</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve asked the newspaper&#8217;s spokesman this question. So far he has not responded. (UPDATE: I&#8217;ve received, after 11 days since first asking, the official word that the paper is &#8220;not going to comment.&#8221;</p>
<p>I&#8217;ve also asked the Times to address a much more difficult issue: about the appearance of a conflict of interest that could fairly raise questions in some people&#8217;s minds about the paper&#8217;s journalism in covering the iPad &#8212; journalism that has been almost uniformly adulatory.</p>
<p>Make no mistake about what I believe: I&#8217;m certain that the overwhelmingly positive coverage the Times has given the iPad reflects the journalists&#8217; best efforts to do their jobs. I know most of these people and I trust them; they&#8217;re pros who understand how easily Apple seems to turn otherwise skeptical journalists into fanboys and girls, and I&#8217;m sure they do their best to block out Steve Jobs&#8217; famous &#8220;reality distortion field&#8221; as they work. (From experience, I can tell you that staying skeptical is difficult given Jobs&#8217; absolute mastery of marketing and the reality that Apple sells some pretty nifty gear and software; I cringe at some of the credulous things I wrote about Apple during my days as a columnist.</p>
<p>What value has Apple received from the Times&#8217; massive and continuing coverage? Quite a bit, of course &#8212; though it&#8217;s only fair to note that most other major journalism organizations have given the iPad the kind of fawning attention that makes every other company executive on the planet insanely jealous.</p>
<p>Apple&#8217;s business and PR methods aren&#8217;t the issue here. No company plays the media better than Apple, period, and this is obviously good business for Jobs and his employees and shareholders.</p>
<p>What matters is the Times&#8217; seeming indifference to the way this looks. Even though I don&#8217;t believe there was any <em>quid pro quo</em>, I do believe that someone who doesn&#8217;t know the players could reasonably ask if an arrangement did exist.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">***</p>
<p>That&#8217;s only one issue I raised with the Times&#8217; spokesman. Here&#8217;s another, which I&#8217;ve also raised with Nisenholtz and people at the Wall Street Journal and USA Today: Does Apple, which maintains control over what iPad apps are made available, have the unilateral right to remove these journalism organizations&#8217; news apps if the apps deliver information to audiences that Apple considers unacceptable for any reason?</p>
<p>No one has answered the question. I take the silence on this to mean that the answer is Yes, given the evidence of earlier Apple behavior plus the publication of an <a href="http://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2010/03/iphone-developer-program-license-agreement-all">iPad application-developer agreement</a> obtained by the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a document that revealed control-freakery by Apple on a stunning level.</p>
<p>Now, the news organizations&#8217; silence could also mean only that they&#8217;re abiding by a key element of that control: a requirement in the app-developer agreement (the one we&#8217;ve seen, anyway) to say nothing publicly about the specifics of these dealings with Apple. Perhaps &#8212; and I hope this is true &#8212; they have special dispensation from Apple to provide the journalism they deem fit for their audiences with no interference allowed. If so, they should say so.</p>
<p>But why, in either case, are they in bed with Apple in the first place? We already know that Rupert Murdoch has praised the iPad as a way to get back control of the audience &#8212; in the sense of forcing people to pay for what they read &#8212; that the News Corp. CEO wrongly believes is being stolen by Google and other companies that merely link to the material the news organizations make available online. As noted above, it&#8217;s also no secret that executives at the Times and other media companies, while not howling at the moon the way Murdoch does, see the iPad as a crucial part of monetizing what they do.</p>
<p>As noted in an <a href="http://mediactive.com/2010/02/24/why-journalism-organizations-should-reconsider-their-crush-on-apples-ipad/">earlier post</a> here, I have deep reservations about news organizations&#8217; willingness to cast their lot with a company that exerts such control over users of its technology &#8212; a company that has already ordered several German publications to tone down material Apple deemed inappropriate and has removed thousands of apps from the iPhone app store, and a company that has attacked journalism and journalists (to whom I&#8217;ve given support in two court cases) more than once in deeply troubling ways.</p>
<p>Jumping into an ecosystem like this violates fundamental journalistic principles, I believe. And the more popular the iPad gets the more potentially dangerous this could become to the information ecosystem.</p>
<p>Again, Apple has every right to push around its customers and media &#8220;partners&#8221; in pursuit of its business goals. What bothers me is the media companies&#8217; willingness to cede so much of their authority to a company that has demonstrated its willingness to abuse it.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;">***</p>
<p>All of this activity stems from the confluence of several trends.</p>
<p>One is especially disappointing: Apple&#8217;s decision to move away from, if not abandon, its roots as a company devoted overwhelmingly to computer <em>users</em> as opposed to the media <em>consumers</em> it wants to bring into the iPad ecosystem. I&#8217;m a longtime Apple customer, and would guess I&#8217;ve spent at least $30,000 of my own money over the years on its products, most recently a Mac computer that, despite some flaws, still feels like the best combination of hardware, software and user community in the market.</p>
<p>The iPhone, locked down from the beginning, started Apple down a road I cannot support. The iPad is a lovely device in so many ways. And with not very many tweaks for more openness, could easily be the kind of computer I&#8217;d carry on the road. But Apple&#8217;s decision to move its developer and user control up the value chain &#8212; forcing developers to sell through only one store, Apple&#8217;s, and telling users of that channel they may only use or see what Apple approves &#8212; persuades me that the company&#8217;s long-range goal is to make this restrictive ecosystem the standard, not the exception.</p>
<p>The iPad, as many others have noted, is designed to work best with apps: Apple&#8217;s own and the third-party apps that are coming into the Apple-controlled market from which Apple profits with every sale of a paid app and will profit further from commercial activities that take place inside those apps. It&#8217;s much more in Apple&#8217;s interest to push the iPad as an app platform than as a Web platform, however well the device runs Flash-forbidden Safari (competing browser providers are not welcome in any case).</p>
<p>Apple wants to be not just the platform but also, effectively, <em>the pipe</em> &#8212; a permission-required conduit &#8212;  for the information that gets to the device. This makes the iPad a fundamentally anti-Web platform no matter what Apple and its supporters claim. It makes the iPad an <em><a href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=125561844">anti-Internet</a></em> platform, as GigaOm&#8217;s Paul Sweeting told NPR the other day.</p>
<p>Apple&#8217;s lockdown methods suit a large number of media consumers just fine. They <em>want</em> a walled garden. They <em>want</em> Apple to protect them. They <em>want</em> an ecosystem where someone else makes all the key decisions so they don&#8217;t have to worry.</p>
<p>The more thoughtful among this group figure they can go elsewhere if Apple abuses its power (not caring, apparently, that Apple already has amply demonstrated abusive ways). They are falling into the trap Jonathan Zittrain warned about so presciently in his book, <em><a href="http://futureoftheinternet.org/">The Future of the Internet &#8212; and How to Stop it</a></em> &#8212; a future where our ability to be creative will exist more and more at the whim of companies and governments that prefer centralized control and want us to ask permission. Truly dynamic societies don&#8217;t work that way.</p>
<p>Traditional journalism executives (and not a few of their editors, writers et al in newsrooms) have found the walled garden&#8217;s fragrances too alluring to resist. They are making an understandable short-term decision, but in seeking what Cory Doctorow so aptly calls a <a href="http://www.boingboing.net/2010/04/02/why-i-wont-buy-an-ipad-and-think-you-shouldnt-either.html">&#8220;daddy figure&#8221;</a> they&#8217;re casting their lot with a company that hasn&#8217;t begun to earn such fealty. (I use that last word deliberately; it comes from feudal times and refers to the enforced loyalty tenants and vassals were forced to swear to lords.)</p>
<p>Journalism principles will survive the iPad. Journalism will survive panicked efforts to restore a former &#8220;glory&#8221; that was based more on rapacious, unsustainable business models than on actual value to society. It will survive because the entrepreneurial spirit &#8212; if permitted by those in authority to flourish &#8212; always finds ways around control.</p>
<p>In the long run, it&#8217;ll all work out. But in the short run, I&#8217;d be happier if journalists recognized and discussed more publicly the conflicts they face in supporting this controlling device &#8212; and doing business with the company that controls it.</p>
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		<title>Politico&#8217;s Lame Excuse for Posting Unverified Memo</title>
		<link>http://mediactive.com/2010/03/20/politicos-lame-excuse-for-posting-unverified-memo/</link>
		<comments>http://mediactive.com/2010/03/20/politicos-lame-excuse-for-posting-unverified-memo/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 20 Mar 2010 10:21:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dan Gillmor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Accuracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bad journalism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Principles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transparency]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mediactive.com/?p=1392</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Politico, the website devoted to all things political, almost certainly got pwned by scam artists Friday when it posted an unverified memo &#8212; a probable hoax &#8212; about health care. It&#8217;s an embarrassment for journalists who fall for fakery, but these kinds of things do happen.
What doesn&#8217;t usually happen is how Politico dealt with its [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://mediactive.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Screen-shot-2010-03-20-at-10.20.40-AM.png" border="0" alt="Screen shot 2010-03-20 at 10.20.40 AM.png" width="151" height="35" align="right" />Politico, the website devoted to all things political, almost certainly got <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pwn">pwned</a> by scam artists Friday when it posted an unverified memo &#8212; a probable hoax &#8212; about health care. It&#8217;s an embarrassment for journalists who fall for fakery, but these kinds of things do happen.</p>
<p>What doesn&#8217;t usually happen is how Politico dealt with its inadequate journalism. And the case brought back memories of another, more significant mess: the &#8220;Rathergate&#8221; affair of 2004; more on that below.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s obvious, if you read the <a href="http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0310/34728.html"><em>non mea culpa</em></a> posted by Political&#8217;s White House editor, Craig Gordon, that his organization didn&#8217;t check the memo&#8217;s authenticity before putting it online, and only pulled it down after Democrats complained. But instead simply apologizing forthrightly, he basically said a) Politico now couldn&#8217;t verify anything about the memo&#8217;s authenticity; b) but it <em>seemed</em> real (as if that&#8217;s an excuse; c) and besides, the Democrats were probably doing what the memo said they were doing anyway.</p>
<p>Then comes his conclusion, a howler for a journalist:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;In the end, POLITICO followed an old rule-of-thumb in journalism in taking down the memo: when in doubt, leave it out. By day’s end, it was still impossible to tell exactly what’s the real story behind the memo. But in the next few months, when Democrats try to pass a multi-billion-dollar ‘doc fix,’ maybe that will shed a little light on the Democrats’ real intentions.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>Except that &#8220;leave it out&#8221; is not synonymous with &#8220;publish it and then take it down if we learn later that we can&#8217;t verify its authenticity&#8221; &#8212; or is this the news standard for news organizations boasting a co-founder who serves on the Pulitzer Prize governing board?</p>
<p>The standard Politico has applied here, is, of course, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truthiness">&#8220;truthiness&#8221;</a>: Because they want it to be true, it&#8217;s close enough.</p>
<p>To be more fair to Politico than the publication may deserve, the memo seemed to many others like something some Democratic aide, somewhere in Washington, <em>might</em> have written, perhaps as a draft. This helps explain why so many journalists took the bait and became part of the vast spin machine that so defines our nation&#8217;s political press.</p>
<p>As Talking Points Memo&#8217;s Christina Bellantoni <a href="http://tpmdc.talkingpointsmemo.com/2010/03/doc-fix-tick-tock-where-did-the-memo-come-from.php?ref=fpblg">reports</a>, the Atlantic&#8217;s Marc Ambinder had the <a href="http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2010/03/here-i-will-discuss-the-memo-i-posted/37773">honor to apologize</a> for posting without checking. The Hill, a publication with apparently more traditional principles, got the memo but <a href="http://twitter.com/MPOTheHill/status/10736362232">decided not to run it</a> at all.</p>
<p>Remember, just a few years ago the journalism and political worlds went appropriately berserk when CBS&#8217; 60 Minutes II team ran a story about George W. Bush&#8217;s &#8220;service&#8221; in the Air National Guard. The report was based, in part <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killian_documents_controversy">on memoranda</a> that CBS not only couldn&#8217;t prove were authentic but which were at best highly questionable as to their authenticity. The journalism was awful; CBS and its people took a deserved hit to their reputations. Sadly &#8212; and I use that word partly because the journalists involved had long and outstanding records for doing great work &#8212; the people who made the mistakes <a href="http://www.poynter.org/content/content_view.asp?id=76700">held fast</a> to the notion that they&#8217;d done nothing wrong.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s obvious, based on the verifiable record, that Bush got strings pulled to avoid Vietnam service and then all but ducked out on his duty. And it may turn out that some Democrat&#8217;s fingerprints are on the health care memo. In both cases, the journalism was lacking, and the journalists&#8217; response even more so.</p>
<p>Politico is widely considered a new gold standard of political reporting. That worries me.</p>
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		<title>There are No &#8216;Spoilers&#8217; in News</title>
		<link>http://mediactive.com/2010/02/17/there-are-no-spoilers-in-news/</link>
		<comments>http://mediactive.com/2010/02/17/there-are-no-spoilers-in-news/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Feb 2010 22:03:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dan Gillmor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Media Business]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transparency]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mediactive.com/?p=1283</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[UPDATED
NY Times Public Editor: The Olympics? Don’t Tell Me: &#8220;‘Could you please ask the editor of the front Web page to not name the winners within the headlines/sub-headlines?’ asked Ken Waters of Phoenix.  Matt Gooch of Harrisonburg, Va. said he was disappointed when The Times reported the results of the men’s downhill before NBC [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>UPDATED</p>
<blockquote><p>NY Times Public Editor: <a href="http://publiceditor.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/02/17/the-olympics-dont-tell-me/?src=tptw">The Olympics? Don’t Tell Me</a>: <em>&#8220;‘Could you please ask the editor of the front Web page to not name the winners within the headlines/sub-headlines?’ asked Ken Waters of Phoenix.  Matt Gooch of Harrisonburg, Va. said he was disappointed when The Times reported the results of the men’s downhill before NBC showed the event.  ‘This is not Taliban news, nor TARP news, or even Paula Jones type news,’ Gooch said.  ‘There is no meaning to this except the anticipation and suspense that sports viewers feel watching the event live.  Please help me understand why your organization needs to spoil the experience.’&#8221;</em></p>
<p><em> </em></p></blockquote>
<p>Good. Grief.</p>
<p>The fact that the ombudsman of the New York Times needs to explain to readers why his newspaper reports actual news as it happens &#8212; and Olympic results are actual news &#8212; is a depressing commentary on our nation&#8217;s entertainment-driven culture.</p>
<p>NBC bought U.S. TV rights to the Olympics, and NBC has chosen not to present live coverage. It wants to put the high-profile events on at night in the U.S. when it can score the biggest audience. It&#8217;s entirely about money, as the Olympics are in a general sense at this point.</p>
<p>But to suggest that real news organizations should defer to NBC&#8217;s greed is beyond idiotic. It&#8217;s pathetic.</p>
<p>Mr. Waters of Phoenix and Mr. Gooch of Harrisonburg, and others like them, need remedial education in at least three respects. First, they need to understand that news organizations are in business to report news. Second, no one is forcing them to look at the Times website in the first place.</p>
<p>And, third, remember: <em>The spoiler here is NBC</em>, which wants you to live in a fantasy world. Blame the entertainment moguls there, not real journalists, if you learn who won an event before NBC deigns to show it on TV.</p>
<p>Any news organization holding back on news because entertainment consumers want to live in their fantasy worlds deserves utter contempt. As a (very small) shareholder in the New York Times Co., I&#8217;m glad to see that America&#8217;s best newspaper has the right standards in this regard.</p>
<p>UPDATE: Several commenters have defended the notion that news organizations have some kind of duty to hold back their reports or put reports on pages where news viewers won&#8217;t have to see the reports. One commenter, who says he&#8217;s a journalism school graduate, even <a href="http://mediactive.com/2010/02/17/there-are-no-spoilers-in-news/#comment-1312">suggested a &#8220;civic function&#8221;</a> in such a method. This is head-slappingly strange logic (as I responded):</p>
<p>To suggest there’s some kind of civic function in asking news  organizations to withhold breaking news of an entertainment event (I  agree the Olympics are entertainment more than anything else) is  bizarre. There is no civic value in two corporate media giants colluding  to help one of them make enough money to justify its overpayment for TV  rights. NBC has absolutely no interest in performing a civic function;  its entire motivation is the bottom line.</p>
<p>Your idea of “timeliness” is equally odd. No one is preventing you  from structuring your news the way you want to. If you prefer not to  learn about news events until later in the day, or tomorrow or next  week, you have an easy way of doing this: Don’t read, listen to or watch  news reports until you’re ready to learn what’s happened. You will also  need to stay away from the water cooler and conversations with friends  and colleagues who don’t share your desire to learn about the outcome of  ski races only when a giant media corporation deems it most profitable.</p>
<p>I watched the skiing last night on NBC. The network severely edited  the race, ignoring the runs of roughly half of the top seed (first 15  racers) because the women crashed or were otherwise deemed uninteresting  to the American audience by the NBC entertainment editors. It inserted a  vast number of commercials into what little of the event it decided to  broadcast. This is the civic virtue you want to reward? Please.</p>
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		<title>When the &#8220;Writer&#8221; Isn&#8217;t: Ghost Writing for Editorial Pages</title>
		<link>http://mediactive.com/2009/12/09/when-the-writer-isnt-ghost-writing-for-editorial-pages/</link>
		<comments>http://mediactive.com/2009/12/09/when-the-writer-isnt-ghost-writing-for-editorial-pages/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 09 Dec 2009 16:36:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dan Gillmor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Accuracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transparency]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Trust]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mediactive.com/?p=1106</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[UPDATED
Today&#8217;s Washington Post editorial pages feature an &#8220;op-ed&#8221; column entitled Sarah Palin on the politicization of the Copenhagen climate conference. Never mind that the column is full of falsehoods; the Post and most other papers often run letters, op-ed columns and editorials that contain falsehoods. (Sometimes they correct the errors; often they don&#8217;t.)
My issue here [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>UPDATED</p>
<p>Today&#8217;s Washington Post editorial pages feature an &#8220;op-ed&#8221; column entitled <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/12/08/AR2009120803402.html?hpid=opinionsbox1">Sarah Palin on the politicization of the Copenhagen climate conference</a>. Never mind that the column is <a href="http://politics.theatlantic.com/2009/12/palins_boycott_copenhagen_op-ed_annotated.php">full of falsehoods</a>; the Post and most other papers often run letters, op-ed columns and editorials that contain falsehoods. (Sometimes they correct the errors; often <a href="http://mediactive.com/2009/12/07/nearly-2-months-since-major-washington-post-error-no-correction/">they</a> <a href="http://mediactive.com/2009/11/24/that-hallowed-standard-of-accuracy-oops/">don&#8217;t</a>.)</p>
<p>My issue here is with the column&#8217;s tagline:<br />
<em><br />
<blockquote>The writer was the 2008 Republican nominee for vice president and governor of Alaska from 2006 to 2009.</p></blockquote>
<p></em><br />
Does anyone who understands media and PR really buy this &#8212; the notion that Palin wrote the column in question? Of course not.</p>
<p>Op-ed pieces that run under the bylines of famous politicians, celebrities and business people are almost never written by those people, just as they rarely write their autobiographies, even first drafts, by themselves. They don&#8217;t have time. Their staffers and PR people research and write the pieces.</p>
<p>Society has a serious blind spot about this kind of thing &#8212; and applies a pernicious double standard. If we catch a student paying someone to write his or her paper for a class, we give the student an F. Or, in some cases (like a journalism school), we might even ask the student to leave.</p>
<p>So why do newspaper editors think it&#8217;s fine to wink at obvious deception? They could put a stop to the fiction tomorrow, but probably won&#8217;t. The continuing lure of &#8220;free content,&#8221; especially with famous names at the top, is an ingrained habit, however wrong.</p>
<p>Ghost-written op-eds are often compared with speechwriter-written speeches. Since we all know that most famous people don&#8217;t write their own lines for speeches, goes this logic, we should assume the same with a byline &#8212; whether on a book or an op-ed.</p>
<p>Call me naive, but I&#8217;d like to hold journalists to a slightly higher standard. Newspapers have given away enough of their credibility in recent times. Maybe this is a place to regain a little.</p>
<p>UPDATE: A Twitter commenter asked, essentially, what&#8217;s the harm if everyone knows it&#8217;s happening. First, not everyone does know. Sure, media-savvy people are well aware of the fakery. I&#8217;m not certain that <em>everyone</em> takes for granted that these are ghost-written, however.</p>
<p>Again, the point is not that celebrity politicians are going to stop doing this. It&#8217;s that newspapers, which should care about little things like credibility, should stop being complicit in the deception. Even if it turns out to be true that everyone knows, it&#8217;s still wrong.</p>
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		<slash:comments>5</slash:comments>
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		<title>Week 7 of Washington Post&#8217;s Failure to Correct Major Error</title>
		<link>http://mediactive.com/2009/11/28/week-7-of-washington-posts-failure-to-correct-major-error/</link>
		<comments>http://mediactive.com/2009/11/28/week-7-of-washington-posts-failure-to-correct-major-error/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Nov 2009 23:08:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dan Gillmor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Accuracy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Transparency]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mediactive.com/?p=1038</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[More than seven weeks since it ran an editorial based on a false premise, the Washington Post has neither acknowledged nor corrected its mistake. Shameful.
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>More than seven weeks since it ran an editorial <a href="http://mediactive.com/2009/10/24/washington-post-editorial-remains-uncorrected/">based on a false premise</a>, the Washington Post has neither acknowledged nor corrected its mistake. Shameful.</p>
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		<title>Wall Street Journal News Pages Starting to Show a Right-Wing World View</title>
		<link>http://mediactive.com/2009/11/01/wall-street-journal-news-pages-starting-to-show-a-right-wing-world-view/</link>
		<comments>http://mediactive.com/2009/11/01/wall-street-journal-news-pages-starting-to-show-a-right-wing-world-view/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Nov 2009 17:50:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Dan Gillmor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Transparency]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://mediactive.com/?p=893</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Rupert Murdoch&#8217;s influence on the Wall Street Journal has not been the disaster many feared it would be when News Corp., the company he controls, bought Dow Jones several years ago. In many ways, the paper has actually improved.
The worry was that Murdoch would do what he&#8217;s done at almost every other media property he [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Rupert Murdoch&#8217;s influence on the Wall Street Journal has not been the disaster many feared it would be when News Corp., the company he controls, bought Dow Jones several years ago. In many ways, the paper has actually improved.</p>
<p>The worry was that Murdoch would do what he&#8217;s done at almost every other media property he controls: Turn the journalism toward political ends. The Journal&#8217;s editorial page has been an entirely predictable arm of the American political right for some time now. Would that infect the news columns as well?</p>
<p>It appears that this is indeed happening. That&#8217;s the significance &#8212; assuming this is not a one-time case of an editor going overboard &#8212; of a news story in yesterday&#8217;s paper, which carried the headline, <a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB125694593227919879.html">State Death Taxes Are the Latest Worry</a> and began this way:</p>
<blockquote><p><em>With the federal estate tax disappearing for most people, state death taxes have emerged as a surprise new worry.</em>
</p></blockquote>
<p>This is not neutral language. Nor is it accurate. It&#8217;s a deliberate perversion of language to make a political point; dead people do not pay taxes. Their estates and heirs do.</p>
<p>(The people who oppose estate/inheritance taxes have a variety of arguments against the practice. I side with <a href="http://www.forbes.com/2007/11/14/warren-buffett-tax-markets-cx_er_1114autofacescan02.html">Bill Gates Sr., Warren Buffett, several Rockefellers and lots of other people</a> who believe the arguments against the tax are specious and, more than that, dangerous to the nation&#8217;s future should  massive, untaxed transfers of wealth to people who haven&#8217;t earned a dime of it become the law of the land.)</p>
<p>The Journal&#8217;s editorial page has <a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB123846422014872229.html">called the estate tax a &#8220;death tax&#8221;</a> for years, in keeping with its wealth-equals-good stance on just about all issues. Moving this language to the news pages is a sign that the newspaper is taking on a more overt world view &#8212; a view that takes its lead from the truth-be-damned ideologues on the editorial page.</p>
<p>I don&#8217;t mind that the Journal is doing this, though I suspect more than a few of the journalists who write for the paper must be having major qualms. In fact, it strikes me as healthy that the paper is showing its world view in such a deliberate way.</p>
<p>There are risks for News Corp. in taking this stance, not least a repeat of the self-marginalization that Fox &#8220;News&#8221; has chosen with its incessant BS, to the point that no one who cares about honest journalism has much respect for the channel. Fox has thrown away any reputation it might have had for being even remotely interested in contrary facts, because even its supposed straight news reporting so often takes a political stance and the lies of the commentators are so astonishingly in-your-face.</p>
<p>The greater risk, in the short run, is whether the Journal&#8217;s journalists will let themselves be turned into propagandists. This need not be the case.</p>
<p>The <a href="http://telegraph.co.uk">Telegraph</a> in London has a right-of-center view of the world, proudly so, even in its news pages. But its journalism is generally excellent, rarely (from my reading, at any rate) propaganda. </p>
<p>I&#8217;m all for the Wall Street Journal turning itself into an American equivalent of the Telegraph: a responsible news organization with a transparent world view. But should the Journal turn itself into a newspaper/Web version of its Fox TV channel, it will be making a fatal mistake in the long run.</p>
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